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2.25 Crore Ineligible Beneficiaries removed  from Free Ration Scheme

Why in the News? About 2.25 crore ineligible people were removed from the NFSA free ration list in the past 4–5 months to ensure benefits reach only rightful beneficiaries. About Free Ration Scheme: Foodgrain Allocation: The scheme provides 5 kg of free foodgrains (wheat or rice) per person per month to poor households for basic sustenance.… Continue reading 2.25 Crore Ineligible Beneficiaries removed  from Free Ration Scheme

Centre plans to amend Protection of Plant Variety and Farmers’ Rights (PPV&F) Act, 2001

Why in the News? The Union Agriculture Minister has confirmed that the Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers’ Rights Act, 2001 (PPV&FRA) will be amended, with the Centre incorporating inputs from farmers, scientists, civil society, and industry. About the Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers’ Rights Act (PPV&FRA), 2001: Overview: India’s sui generis legislation protects… Continue reading Centre plans to amend Protection of Plant Variety and Farmers’ Rights (PPV&F) Act, 2001

Independence of Election Commission Of India(ECI)

Why in the news? Amidst SIR exercise, the Opposition raised questions on the independence of ECI. About Election Commission of India(ECI) The Election Commission of India (ECI), established under Article 324, is responsible for ensuring free, fair, and impartial elections. Its independence is essential for democratic legitimacy. Constitutional Safeguards Ensuring Independence 1.Security of Tenure –… Continue reading Independence of Election Commission Of India(ECI)

[19th November 2025] The Hindu Op-ED: Time to sort out India’s cereal mess

PYQ Relevance [UPSC 2024] Elucidate the importance of buffer stocks for stabilizing agricultural prices in India. What are the challenges associated with the storage of buffer stock? Discuss. Linkage: This PYQ is central to GS-III themes of food security, MSP, PDS and price stabilization. It links with the article’s focus on excess stocks and distorted… Continue reading [19th November 2025] The Hindu Op-ED: Time to sort out India’s cereal mess

Agentic AI: Tech’s newest buzzword

Introduction Agentic AI refers to a new class of artificial intelligence systems capable of executing multistep tasks, adapting to processes, and performing actions independently rather than merely responding to prompts. The term has witnessed a rapid surge in public and industry attention, driven by new academic reports and its promise of automating complex workflows. The… Continue reading Agentic AI: Tech’s newest buzzword

Excessive dependence: On India’s external trade landscape

Introduction India recorded a historic goods trade deficit in October ($41.68 billion), following a sharp rise from September’s $32.15 billion deficit. The decline in exports, driven largely by the U.S.’s steep tariffs, coincides with an abnormal spike in gold and silver imports, rupee depreciation, and heavy portfolio outflows. The article highlights how India’s dependence on… Continue reading Excessive dependence: On India’s external trade landscape

[18th November 2025] The Hindu Op-ED: The lower-judiciary- litigation, pendency, stagnation

PYQ Relevance [UPSC 2024] Explain the reasons for the growth of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in India. As a result of it, has the Indian Supreme Court emerged as the world’s most powerful judiciary? Linkage: Judiciary is one of the most important topics for GS-II. This PYQ tests how failures of the lower judiciary, delay,… Continue reading [18th November 2025] The Hindu Op-ED: The lower-judiciary- litigation, pendency, stagnation

India needs to ‘connect, build and revive’ with Africa

Introduction India’s partnership with Africa is embedded in shared anti-colonial history, South-South cooperation, and long-standing developmental commitments. Over the last decade, India’s diplomatic presence, investments, training initiatives, and cultural engagement have expanded across the continent. However, shifting geopolitical equations, intensifying global competition, and Africa’s rising economic potential demand an upgraded, value-driven, and sustained approach. The… Continue reading India needs to ‘connect, build and revive’ with Africa

What are UNESCO new guidelines for the use of neurotechnology

Introduction Neurotechnology includes devices and procedures that access, assess, or act upon neural systems. Earlier limited to health care, it now merges neuroscience, AI, computing, and engineering to improve or manipulate brain function. Rapid investments, private-sector involvement, and research innovations, such as brain implants enabling paralysed patients to speak, have increased both possibilities and ethical… Continue reading What are UNESCO new guidelines for the use of neurotechnology

Sakurajima Volcano erupts in Japan’s Kyushu

Why in the News? Japan’s Sakurajima volcano has erupted several times sending ash plumes up to 4.4 km into the atmosphere. About Sakurajima Volcano: Location: Kagoshima Prefecture, Kyushu, sitting on the southern rim of the Aira caldera inside Kagoshima Bay. Geological Origin: Linked to formation of the Aira caldera (22,000–29,000 years ago); Sakurajima developed as… Continue reading Sakurajima Volcano erupts in Japan’s Kyushu

75th anniversary of National Sample Survey (NSS)

Why in the News? The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) is conducting the 75th-anniversary culmination ceremony of the National Sample Survey (NSS) along with World Statistics Day on 18 November 2025. About National Sample Survey (NSS): Origins: Started in 1950 to fill gaps in national income data; expanded into India’s largest multi-topic socio-economic… Continue reading 75th anniversary of National Sample Survey (NSS)

Sixteenth Finance Commission submits its report for 2026-31 to the President 

Why in the News? The Sixteenth Finance Commission (16th FC), chaired by Arvind Panagariya, has formally submitted its report to the President of India on 17 November 2025. Recommendations will be made public once tabled in Parliament under Article 281. Back2Basics: Finance Commission Constitutional Body: Established under Article 280 of the Constitution to define financial… Continue reading Sixteenth Finance Commission submits its report for 2026-31 to the President 

Asiatic Caracal spotted at Ramgarh in Rajasthan’s Jaisalmer

Why in the News? The elusive Asiatic Caracal (Caracal caracal schmitzi) has been rediscovered at Ramgarh, Jaisalmer, reaffirming its survival in the Thar Desert after years of uncertainty. About Asiatic Caracal: Scientific Name: Caracal caracal schmitzi, the Asiatic subspecies of the globally distributed caracal species. Distribution: Native to Africa, Middle East, Central Asia, Pakistan, and… Continue reading Asiatic Caracal spotted at Ramgarh in Rajasthan’s Jaisalmer

[2025 GS1 UPSC MAINS] Discuss how the changes in shape and sizes of continents and ocean basins of the planet take place due to tectonic movements of the crustal masses. (15 M)

Smash 2025 FLT 07Q15. How far can the theory of plate tectonics be used to explain the origin and distribution of major geological features across the Earth’s surface? PYQQ. Why are the world’s fold mountain systems located along the margins of continents? Bring out the association between the global distribution of Fold Mountains and the… Continue reading [2025 GS1 UPSC MAINS] Discuss how the changes in shape and sizes of continents and ocean basins of the planet take place due to tectonic movements of the crustal masses. (15 M)

[17th November 22] The Hindu Op-ed: Delhi’s air, a ‘wicked problem’ in need of bold solutions

PYQ Relevance [UPSC 2021] Describe the key points of the revised Global Air Quality Guidelines (AQGs) recently released by the WHO. How are these different from its last update in 2005? What changes in India’s National Clean Air Programme are required to achieve these revised standards? Linkage: This PYQ directly links to Delhi’s recurring “severe”… Continue reading [17th November 22] The Hindu Op-ed: Delhi’s air, a ‘wicked problem’ in need of bold solutions

Growing unchecked, no guardrails: On Cryptocurrency

INTRODUCTION India’s crypto ecosystem is witnessing rapid expansion, with millions of users participating through exchanges that operate in a regulatory grey zone. Even though cryptocurrencies are not recognised as legal tender, trading continues unchecked through global and domestic platforms. Simultaneously, enforcement agencies report increasing difficulty in conducting investigations, seizing digital assets, and identifying crypto flows… Continue reading Growing unchecked, no guardrails: On Cryptocurrency

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